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Aeration Performance of Weirs - Part 1

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Oxygen Transfer Efficiency
Oxygen is vital to the life cycle common to water. It is essential to keep organisms living, to sustain species reproduction and for the development of populations. Oxygen is soluble in water in direct proportion to the partial pressure in the gas phase, while solubility decreases as temperature increases. Salt water holds less oxygen than fresh water. Oxygen enters the water by absorption directly from the atmosphere or by plant photosynthesis. It is removed by respiration of organisms and by organic decomposition. During respiration and decomposition, animals and plants consume dissolved oxygen and liberate carbon dioxide.

- Dr. Ahmet Baylar and Tamer Bagatur

This article is not currently available. Contact us at webeditor@sgcmail.com to get a copy of the issue.

Dr. Ahmet Baylar is a professor in the Civil Engineering Department, Firat University, Elazi*g-Turkey.

Tamer Ba*gatur is a professor in the Environmental Engineering Department, Firat University, Elazi*g-Turkey.

References: CITED REFERENCES

1. Gameson, A. L. H., "Weirs and Aeration of Rivers," Journal of the Institution of Water Engineers, Vol. 11, 1957.

2. Van der Kroon, G. T. N., and Schram, A. H., "Weir Aeration - Part I," H2O, No.22, pp. 528-537, 1969a.

3. Van der Kroon, G. T. N., and Schram, A. H., "Weir Aeration - Part II," H2O, No.22, pp. 538-545, 1969b.

4. Apted, R. W., and Novak, P., "Some Studies of Oxygen Uptake at Weirs," Proceedings of the XV Congress, IAHR paper B23, 1973.

5. Avery, S., and Novak, P., "Oxygen Transfer at Hydraulic Structures," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 104, HY11, pp. 1521-1540, 1978.

6. Nakasone, H., "Study of Aeration at Weirs and Cascades," Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 113, No. 1, February, pp. 64-81, 1987.

7. Wilhelms, S. C., Gulliver, J. S., and Parkhill, K., "Reaeration at Low-Head Hydraulic Structures," Tech. Rep. HL-91, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss, 1992.

8. Gulliver, J. S., and Rindels, A. J., "Measurement of Air-Water Oxygen Transfer at Hydraulics Structures," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 119, No. 3, March, pp. 328-349, 1993.

9. Lewis, W. K. , and Whitman, W. G., "Principles of Gas Absorption," Ind. and Engrg. Chem., 16 (12), pp. 1215-1220, 1924.

10. Markofsky, M., and Kobus H., "Unified Presentation of Weir-Aeration Data," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 104, pp. 562, 1978.

UNCITED REFERENCES

Azbel, D., Two Phase Flows in Chemical Engineering, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England, 1981.

Gameson, A. L. H., Vandyke, K. G., and Ogden, C. G., "The Effect of Temperature on Aeration," Water and Water Engineering, November, 1958.

Gulliver, J. S., and Wilhelms, S. C., "Discussion of ‘Aeration at Ohio River Basin Navigation Dams,’ by S. F. Railsback, J. M. Bownds, M. J. Sak, M. M. Stevens, and G. H. Taylor," Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 108, No. 3, March, pp. 444-446, 1992.

Gulliver, J. S., and Wilhelms, S. C., and Parkhill, K. L., "Predictive Capabilities in Oxygen Transfer at Hydraulics Structures," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No. 7, July, pp. 664-671, 1998.

Gulliver, J. S., Thene, J. R., and Rindels, A. J., "Indexing Gas Transfer in Self-Aerated Flows," Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 116, No. 3, March, pp. 503-523, 1990.

Hinze, J. O., "Fundamentals of the Hydrodynamic Mechanism of Splitting in Dispersion Processes," Am. Inst. of Chem. Engrg. J., 1 (3), pp. 289-295, 1955.

Holler, A. G., Reaeration of Discharge through Hydraulic Structures, PhD Thesis, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1970.

Levich, V. G., Physicochemical Hydrodynamics, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J., 1962.

Labocha, M., Corsi, R. L., and Zytner, R. G., "Parameters Influencing Oxygen Uptake at Clarifier Weirs," Water Environmental Research, Vol. 68, No. 6, September/October, pp. 988-994, 1996.

Watson, C.C., Walters, R. W., and Hogan, S. A., "Aeration Performance of Low Drop Weirs," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No. 1, January, pp. 65-71, 1998.

Wormleaton, P. R., and Soufiani, E., "Aeration Performance of Triangular Planform Labyrinth Weirs," Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 709-719, 1998.

Source: Water Engineering & Management March 2001 Volume: 148 Number: 3
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